6 电动超声牙刷

　　电动超声牙刷的出现和普及,对口腔卫生的改善有很大的作用。多项研究表明:这种牙刷对牙菌斑的去除率优于手动牙刷,使牙周各项指标明显好转［13］。

　　7 牙周病遗传易感性测试(PST)

　　近年来,应用分子生物学和遗传学的手段,发现一些与牙周病易感性有关的基因,主要是一些与炎症反应密切相关的细胞因子,如IL-1,TNF等的基因。临床医生可以通过牙周病易感性测试(periodontal susceptibility test,PST),对这些基因进行检查,判断患者是否对牙周感染有易感性,从而有针对性地进行防治［14］。有关牙周病基因易感性的研究是牙周病研究领域的一个新热点,目前虽已取得一定成果,但不同种族间遗传的差异性也不容忽视。

　　8 牙周病情监测盒(pocket watch)

　　该检查方法是将小试纸条插入龈沟内取得龈沟液,经过约10分钟各种试剂的处理,试纸显示不同深度的颜色,然后对照比色得出结果。该法可在椅旁监测牙周病的病情,为牙周医生制定治疗方案提供依据和帮助。其原理是通过测量组织破坏时溶解释放到龈沟液中的天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase, AST),而提示牙周组织的破坏情况［15］。

　　参考文献

　　1　O'Leary TJ, Nabers CL. Instructions to supplement teaching oral hygiene. J Periodontol, 1969, 40(1):27～32

　　2　Ramfjord SP, Nissle RR. The modified Widman flap. J Periodontol, 1974, 45(8):601～607

　　3　Lee MB. Bone morphogenetic proteins: background and implication for oral reconstruction, A review. J Clin Periodontol, 1997, 24(6):355～365

　　4　Zetterstrom O, Andersson C, Eriksson L, et al. Clinical safety of enamal matrix derivative (EMDOGAIN) in the treatment of periodontal defects. J Clin Periodontol, 1997, 24(9 pt 2):697～704

　　5　Zitzmann NU, Naef R, Scharer P. Resorbable versus nonresorbable membranes in combination with Bio-Oss for guided bone regeneation. Inter J of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 1997, 12(6):844～852

　　6　Allen AL. Use of the supraperiosteal envelope in soft tissue grafting for root coverage. Ⅰ.Rationale and technique. Inter J Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry. 1994, 14(3):216～227

　　7　Allen EP. Surgical crown lengthening for function and esthetics, Dent Clin North Am, 1993, 37(2):163～179

　　8　American Academy of Periodontology. Lasers in Periodontics. J Periodontol, 1996, 67(8):826～830

　　9　Stach DJ. Nitrous oxide sedation: understanding the benefits and risks. Am J Dent, 1995, 8(1):47～50

　　10　Resenberg MB, Campbell RL. Guidelines for intraoperative monitoring of dental patients undergoing conscious sedation, deep sedation, and general anesthesia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 1997, 71(1):2～8

　　11　Houpt MI, Heins P, Lamster I, et al. An evaluation of intraoral lidocaine petches in reducing needle-insertion pain. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry, 1997, 18(4):309～310,316,318

　　12　Newman MG, Kornman KS, Doherty FM. A 6-month multi-center evaluation of adjunctive tetracycline fiber therapy used in conjunction with scaling and root planing in maintenance patients: Clinical results. J Periodontol, 1994, 65(9):685～691

　　13　Mclnnes C, Johnson B, Emling RC, et al. Clinical and computer-assisted evaluations of the stain removal ability of the sonicare electronia toothbrush. J Clin Dent, 1994, 5(1):13～18

　　14　Kornman KS, Crane A, Wang HY, et al. The interleukin-1 genotype as a severity factor in adult periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol, 1997, 24(1):72～77

　　15　Persson G, Page RC. Diagnostic characteristics of crevicular fluid aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels associated with periodontal disease activity. J Clin Periodontol, 1992, 19(1):43～48

责任编辑：韩晓炜